Charles Darwin was an English biologist who helped to develop the theory of evolution. This theory helped to explain the development of different species of animals and plants, and how they adapt to their environment. Darwin also studied human emotions and behavior, and his work helped to create the field of psychology. Charles Darwin’s work in psychology was primarily focused on the study of animal behavior. He was one of the first scientists to systematically study animal behavior, and he did so without the bias of trying to determine how it related to human behavior. This was an important contribution,…
Author: Iva Pritchett
In psychology, prejudice is a preconceived negative attitude toward a person or group based on their membership in a certain social category. Prejudice can be based on race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or other factors. Prejudice in psychology refers to the act of making judgments about people or groups of people without having all of the information or facts. It often leads to discrimination and can be based on any number of factors, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or socioeconomic status. What is prejudice in psychology examples? Prejudice is an unjustified or incorrect attitude (usually negative) towards…
Feature detectors are specialised neurons in the brain that respond to specific features of the Stimuli in the environment. certain feature detectors respond to very specific visual features such as vertical lines or movement in a particular direction. others are more general and respond to a wider range of Stimuli. Feature detectors are the building blocks of our perceptual system and allow us to make sense of the world around us. Feature detectors are psychological mechanisms that are specialised for certain features of the environment, such as specific shapes, colours, or smells. They enable us to process and respond to…
A stress reaction occurs when a person perceives that the demands placed on them exceed their ability to cope. This can be the result of a single event or situation, or it can be the accumulation of many small demands. The stress reaction is the body’s way of preparing to meet the challenge. The physical symptoms of stress are often the first to appear and include an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, tense muscles, and sweaty palms. The psychological symptoms of stress include anxiety, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. The definition of stress in psychology is a response to…
There are seven defenses which are used in psychological defense mechanisms: repression, reaction formation, displacement, regression, denial, isolation, and turning against one’s self. All of these involve some form of emotional distancing from a distressing event or situation. Some are more effective than others, but all can be helpful in managing difficult circumstances. The 7 defense mechanisms in psychology are: 1. Repression 2. Suppression 3. Reaction formation 4. Regression 5. Rationalization 6. Projection 7. Introjection What are the 7 main defense mechanisms? Our defense mechanisms are the things we do to protect ourselves from emotional pain. They help us to…
Comorbidity is the presence of two or more disorders or diseases in an individual. It is often used to refer to the presence of mental and physical disorders, but can also be applied to the co-occurrence of disorders within other domains, such as social, behavioral, or psychological. For example, someone with both depression and anxiety would be considered to have a comorbid condition. Comorbidity is relatively common, and can have a significant impact on treatment and prognosis. Comorbidity occurs when two or more conditions or diseases co-occur. For example, someone with arthritis may also have diabetes. Or, someone with multiple…
In Piaget’s theory, equilibrium is the process of trying to maintain a balance between two conflicting forces. It is the resolution of cognitive dissonance, which is the feeling of anxiety that comes from holding two contradictory ideas at the same time. Equilibrium is also the state of having no unfulfilled needs or desires. In Piaget’s theory, equilibrium is the state of balance that is achieved when a person’s cognitive structures are able to adequately adapt to the demands of the environment. This state of balance is necessary for cognitive development to occur. What is equilibrium and disequilibrium Piaget’s theory? When…
Classical conditioning is a key element of behavioral psychology. It is the process of linking two stimuli together so that one stimulus (known as the conditioned stimulus) comes to signal the occurrence of the other stimulus (known as the unconditioned stimulus). Classical conditioning is a basic learning process that occurs when an animal or person learns to associate a particular stimulus (such as a sound, smell, or sight) with a particular response (such as a reflexive action or a behavioral response). What are the 3 stages of classical conditioning? Classical conditioning is a type of learning that occurs when two…
Ever walked into a room and forgot why you’re there? Or perhaps you’ve misplaced your keys for the umpteenth time this week? If these scenarios sound familiar, you’re not alone. Absentmindedness is a common hiccup in everyone’s mental processing, affecting countless individuals daily. But what really is absentmindedness, and why does it happen? This article will peel back the layers of this everyday phenomenon. You’ll discover not just the science behind why your mind sometimes seems to be on its own little vacation, but also practical tips to help sharpen your focus and reduce those frustrating moments. Whether you’re a…
A fixed ratio is a reinforcement schedule where a behaviour is reinforced after a set number of responses. For example, a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement would reinforcing a behaviour after every 3rd response. A fixed ratio schedule is a reinforcement schedule that provides reinforcement after a specified number of responses. What is an example of fixed ratio psychology? A fixed-ratio schedule is a type of reinforcement schedule in which a behaviour is reinforced after a set number of responses. For example, a child may be given a candy for every 3-10 pages of a book they read. This type…